Brazil Electoral Court Rules Against Meta Over Alleged Algorithm Bias

A judge of Brazil’s top electoral court ruled on Thursday that Meta must adopt measures to immediately secure equal treatment of the two presidential candidates ahead of an Oct. 25 runoff. The decision follows a complaint filed by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who is running against Flávio Bolsonaro. The complaint accused the tech company, which owns Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp, of using biased algorithms and AI restrictions to favour opposition candidate Bolsonaro.

Court Orders and Penalties

Justice Marco Aurélio Bellizze ruled that Meta cannot reduce the distribution of political content, restrict searches or remove posts in a way that creates an imbalance between Lula and Bolsonaro. The ruling also orders the company to ensure its artificial intelligence tool applies identical criteria to both candidacies.

Bellizze stated in his ruling that Meta must pay a fine of 500,000 reais (US$98,000) per day if it fails to comply. Meta declined to comment on the ruling.

Allegations of Bias and Technical Issues

The legal filing of the Lula campaign, to which The Associated Press had access, said Meta has subjected Lula’s campaign materials and organic posts to “unjustified reductions in reach.” It also said Meta has not complied with a plan submitted to the electoral court to address these issues.

Lula’s campaign argues that accounts and advertisements associated with Flávio Bolsonaro have reportedly received artificially inflated visibility, with engagement metrics rivaling global celebrities. The two are in a close race for the presidency, after the son of former president Jair Bolsonaro garnered 47 per cent of the vote against 45 per cent of the incumbent in the first round on Oct. 4.

The complaint also claims there’s a stark disparity in Meta’s artificial intelligence tools, with users failing to generate campaign images related to the 80-year-old president via WhatsApp’s “Meta AI” feature, but being able to do so if they want to promote content in support of Flávio Bolsonaro.

Gean Ferreira and Evelyn Santos, both lawyers for the Lula campaign, said in a statement that Meta’s content delivery is selective against the incumbent and favourable to Bolsonaro, an ally of U.S. President Donald Trump.

“On one hand, content from candidate Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and his supporters faces delivery restrictions, without any justification or transparency,” the lawyers said. ”On the other hand, profiles acting as political operatives for the opposing side ... receive a disproportionate and artificial reach, garnering more views even than global celebrities.”

Lula’s campaign wants Brazil’s top electoral court to order an immediate end to the content restrictions and pressure Meta to make up for the lost traction by doubling its reach to rectify the harm inflicted.

Meta’s Response

On Oct. 11, as Lula’s voters started complaining about their use of Meta tools, the big tech company told the electoral court it rejects accusations of being skewed to Bolsonaro. The company admitted it has faced technical glitches that affect accounts beyond Brazil. It also said it acts in full compliance with Brazil’s electoral regulations and is committed to providing equal platform access for all political parties.

Why it matters

The ruling imposes strict operational requirements on Meta during a critical period before the Brazilian presidential runoff. By mandating identical criteria for AI tools and prohibiting content distribution imbalances, the court aims to ensure a level playing field for the candidates. The significant daily fine underscores the judiciary's intent to enforce compliance with electoral fairness regulations.

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Sources

• bnnbloomberg.ca: Brazil court rules against Meta over alleged algorithm bias
• ctvnews.ca: Brazil court rules against Meta over alleged algorithm bias

This article was drafted with AI assistance and checked against the sources above. Company claims are reported as claims. Cover image is AI-generated.