The West African Atlantic Route
The United Nations' International Organization for Migration (IOM) identifies the West African Atlantic Route as a key pathway for West African migrants travelling to Europe, despite increasing dangers. According to the IOM, while arrivals to the Canary Islands fell considerably since the 2024 peak, recorded deaths and disappearances remained broadly unchanged.
"Data from the West African Atlantic Route show that while arrivals to the Canary Islands fell considerably since the 2024 peak (62 per cent decrease from 2024 to 2025), recorded deaths and disappearances remained broadly unchanged, falling 4 per cent from 2024 to 2025 (1,215 to 1,172), highlighting how the route has become much more dangerous for migrants," the IOM said earlier this week.
The IOM noted that increased controls in traditional departure spots in Morocco, Mauritania, and Senegal have pushed some migrants seeking to reach Europe further south, towards countries such as The Gambia. "These alternative departure points can add up to 750 kilometres to the crossing, extending some journeys to approximately 2,200 kilometres and exposing people to longer periods at sea, more remote and less monitored coastlines, and greater risks of shipwreck, dehydration and disappearance," the IOM said.