Why strandings happen
Pilot whales are “prolific stranders,” according to the DOC, but what causes mass strandings is not well understood.
“They happen to species which tend to be highly social and it is likely that all or part of a social group becomes stranded at the same time,” Ian L. Boyd, professor of biology at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, and former chief scientific adviser at the U.K.’s Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, said in a statement shared with CNN Friday by the Science Media Centre.
“Mass strandings can tend to happen in particular locations often where there is a shallow shelving coastline,” Boyd added. “It is possible that a whole social group gets disorientated and caught by a falling tide, but this is almost certainly only part of much more complex set of causes.”
Pilot whales’ highly social behavior means that if one whale loses its way then others come to its aid, according to the DOC, which said the “most likely” theory for mass strandings is that the animals’ echolocation is not well-suited to shallow, sloping waters.
It is currently summer in New Zealand, which is when the whales follow common food sources inshore and when most mass strandings occur. The largest pilot whale stranding in the country involved an estimated 1,000 whales at the Chatham Islands in 1918, according to the DOC.
The DOC said it is “now working with iwi to manage the burial of the taonga,” or highly prized heritage.